TEJOVATI (Stem Bark)
Tejovati consists of dried stem bark of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. Syn. Z. alatum Roxb. (Fam. Rutacem); an evergreen or sub-deciduous shrub or occasionally a small tree upto 6 m high, stem and branches, armed with long, sharp prickles, found in the hot valleys of the Himalayas from Jammu to Khasia hills at 600-1800 m and eastern ghats in Orissa and Andhra Pradesh at 1200 m, also sometimes planted for hedges in Assam.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Tejohva
Assamese : —
Bengali : Tejovati
English : —
Gujrati : Tejabala, Tejbal
Hindi : Tejbal
Kannada : Tejapatri, Jimmi, Tumbura, Tumburudra, Tejovanti
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Thumboonal, Thumbooni, Valiyavaluzhavam
Marathi : Tejabal
Oriya : Tejabala
Punjabi : Tejovati, Tejabal
Tamil : Thejyovathi
Telugu : Tejovathi
Urdu : Kabab-e-Khandan
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Bark corky, channelled and single quilled with large marks of tubercular prickles;0.1-0.2 cm thick, external surface pale brown, rough with numerous scattered patches of lenticels, rather deeply furrowed; internal surface smooth, light yellow to pale brown; fracture, short; odour, aromatic; taste, aromatic pungent.
b) Microscopic
Stem Bark – Shows exfoliated cork interrupted by lenticels at some places; cork 15-20 layers of tabular, brownish, thick-walled cells; secondary cortex 10-20 layers of tangentially elongated or oval, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells; small groups of stone cells and some fibres found scattered in this region; secondary phloem consisting of sieve elements, parenchyma and fibres traversed by phloem rays; phloem fibres thickwalled, lignified, aseptate and arranged in tangential rows; stone cells found in tangential bands alternating with phloem fibres; a number of secretory cells found scattered throughout secondary phloem; phloem rays 1-2 cells wide and 10-15 cells high; secretory cells contain ing oily or resinous substances; prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate and simple starch grains found scattered in secondary cortex, phloem parenchyma and phloem rays; starch grains round and oval, measuring 2.75 – 13.75 n in diameter.
Powder – Yellowish-brown; shows fragments of cork cells; aseptate fibres, stone cells, prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate, oil globules and starch grains, round and oval measuring 2.75 – 13.75 n in diameter.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 12 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 8.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 13 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
CONSTITUENTS – A bitter crystalline principle identical with Berberine, a Volatile Oil and Resin.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Katu, Tikta
Guna : Ruksa
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Dipana, Kaphahara, Medhya, Pacana, Rucya, Vatahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Pancatikta Guggulu Ghrta, Kalaka Curna (Lepa).
THERAPEUTIC USES – Aruci, Svasa, Amavata, Kasa, Mukharoga, Hikka.
DOSE – 10-20 g. of the drug for decoction.
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